Descartes Meditations Essay -- Philosophy Doubt Meditations Descartes

Descartes MeditationsIn Descartes meditations, Descartes begins what Bernard Williams has called the project of pure enquiry to discover an evident premise or foundation to base his k instantlyledge on, by subjecting everything to a kind of scepticism now known as Cartesian doubtfulness. This is known as foundationalism, where a philosopher basis all epistemological knowledge on an indubitable premise. Within meditation one Descartes subjects all of his beliefs regarding sensory data and even humankind to the strongest and most hyperbolic of doubts. He invokes the nonion of the all powerful, malign demon who could be deceiving him regarding sensory experience and even his understanding of the simplest mathematical and logical truths in order to attain an indubitable premise that is epistemologically formidable. In meditation one Descartes has three areas of doubt, doubt of his own existence, doubt of the existence of God, and doubt of the existence of the impertinent world. Desca rtes knowledge of these three areas are subjected to three types of scepticism the first where he believes that his senses are being deceived these senses played me false, and it is prudent never to trust entirely those who wealthy person once deceived us. The second of the forms of scepticism revolves around whether Descartes is dreaming or not I see so clearly that there are no conclusive signs by means of which one can distinguish between being awake and being asleep. The aforementioned malign demon was Descartes deuce-ace method of doubt as he realised God would not deceive him. Descartes search for an underlying foundational premise ends when he realises he exists, at least(prenominal) when he views he exists doubtless, then, that I exist and, let him deceive me as he whitethorn, he can never bring it ab prohibited that I am nothing, so long as I shall be conscious that I am something. So that it must, in fine, be maintained, all things being maturely and guardedly conside red, that this proposition I am, I exist, is necessarily true each time it is expressed by me or conceived in my mind. This argument I think therefore I am is Descartes cogito argument as in Latin it is cogito ergo sum. The cogito argument raises some difficulties, as when thinking results in existence not thinking should therefore result in non-existence leaving the problem of returning to thought from non-existence. Descartes could ... ...stence of God to a satisfactory degree, however this was not the case so instead his proof of the existence of corporeal things is clouded by a thin veil of theology.Descartes attempts to extricate himself from his sceptical doubts of the meditations had a varying degree of success, his doubt of his own existence was well surmounted with the indubitable cogito argument. The second of his doubts, that of the existence of God was not extricated as successfully with the unconvincing trademark argument and the out of date ontological argument. Desca rtes then went on to tackling his doubt regarding the existence of the external world, which was done well but was based on the shady proofs for the existence of God. Descartes may not have proven the existence of God or the existence of the external world however he did produce a new appearance of philosophy in which he attempted to base all of his epistemological knowledge (or beliefs) on a single indubitable premise, this style of philosophy now known as foundationalism has been and is still used by philosophers today at great credit to Descartes, Rene Descartes proved himself within this book to be the father of new(a) philosophy.

Dissocative Identity Disorder Essay -- Diseases, Disorders

We all daydreamed, gotten mazed inside a movie, has redden had an out of body puzzles dont worry its all common, but it is also a mild wee-wee of dissociation. Dissociation is a separation within an individuals actions, memories, thoughts feelings, or has a genius of being unreal. Among the most incomprehensible or mystifying and polemic is the rare dissociative identity distract. Its the most severe and chronic manifestation of the dissociative disorders.This colossal dissociation of identity from a conventional cognisance embodies those with dissociative identity disorder, (DID previously known as multiple someoneality disorder) in which cardinal more diverse characteristics are said to interchangeably careen the persons demeanor. Dissociative identity disorder is thought to stem from severe harm mostly in the persons early childishness (usually around the age 9), due to extreme cyclical sexual, physical and/or emotional abuse. The dissociative aspect is assumed to be a managing method, because literally all(prenominal) personality has its own mannerisms, voice, age, sex, and even race by dissociating their selves from a situation or experience that are too painful violent to assimilate with their conscious(p) self. Typically, the original personality denies any awareness of the other identities.Understanding the development of multiple personalities is difficult, even for highly trained experts making a diagnosing of DID lift out time. Its estimated that individuals with dissociative identity disorder has spent seven years in the kind health system prior to diagnosis. This is because of the similarities of symptoms of many psychiatric diagnosis of treatment that they seek. The DSM-IV provides the following criteria to diagnose dis... ...her than the driver, they truly believe that they have no choice. A person in treatment for a dissociative disorder great power benefit from antidepressants or anti-anxiety medication, but is still no cure for dissociative identity disorder it has been proven for effective treatment which includes medications, psychotherapy or reprimand therapy, hypnotherapy, and adjunctive therapies long-term treatment is very successful, only if the patient stays committed.Bibliographywww.dissociativeidentitydisorder.netpsychology.about.comwww.psychologytoday.comwww.sidran.orgwww.webmd.comwww.medicinet.comwww.fortea.us/english/psiquatria/dissociative.htm analytic Overview, Jacqueline Costello. York College of Pennsylvania The American Psychiatric Association. (APA) (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical manual of arms of mental disorders. (4thed). Washington DC Author Dissocative Identity Disorder Essay -- Diseases, DisordersWe all daydreamed, gotten lost inside a movie, has even had an out of body experiences dont worry its all common, but it is also a mild form of dissociation. Dissociation is a separation within an individuals actions, memories, thoughts feelings, or has a sense of b eing unreal. Among the most incomprehensible or mystifying and controversial is the rare dissociative identity disorder. Its the most severe and chronic manifestation of the dissociative disorders.This colossal dissociation of identity from a conventional cognizance embodies those with dissociative identity disorder, (DID previously known as multiple personality disorder) in which two more diverse characteristics are said to interchangeably switch the persons demeanor. Dissociative identity disorder is thought to stem from severe trauma mostly in the persons early childhood (usually around the age 9), due to extreme cyclical sexual, physical and/or emotional abuse. The dissociative aspect is assumed to be a managing method, because literally each personality has its own mannerisms, voice, age, sex, and even race by dissociating their selves from a situation or experience that are too painful violent to assimilate with their conscious self. Typically, the original personality denies any awareness of the other identities.Understanding the development of multiple personalities is difficult, even for highly trained experts making a diagnosis of DID take time. Its estimated that individuals with dissociative identity disorder has spent seven years in the mental health system prior to diagnosis. This is because of the similarities of symptoms of many psychiatric diagnosis of treatment that they seek. The DSM-IV provides the following criteria to diagnose dis... ...her than the driver, they truly believe that they have no choice. A person in treatment for a dissociative disorder might benefit from antidepressants or anti-anxiety medication, but is still no cure for dissociative identity disorder it has been proven for effective treatment which includes medications, psychotherapy or talk therapy, hypnotherapy, and adjunctive therapies long-term treatment is very successful, only if the patient stays committed.Bibliographywww.dissociativeidentitydisorder.netpsychology .about.comwww.psychologytoday.comwww.sidran.orgwww.webmd.comwww.medicinet.comwww.fortea.us/english/psiquatria/dissociative.htm Analytical Overview, Jacqueline Costello. York College of Pennsylvania The American Psychiatric Association. (APA) (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders. (4thed). Washington DC Author

Essay --

The great potato shortage was a period of great starvation, disease and emigration in Ireland amid 1845 and 1852 which made the Irish population dropped my 25 percent. The potato famine started in September 1845. It was so bad it killed over millions of men children and women... The leaves on potato plants dour colored and curled and then rotted and there was a fog over the fields a crossed Ireland. This fungus named phytophthora infestans caused the potato leaves to turn black and curl up. In this paper I will be lecture nearly the history of the potato, the migration of the potato blight, land consolidation, agriculture laws in Ireland, and food exports in Ireland during the time of the famine, potato dependency, and the Irish/England relationship at the time, Ireland History, and then I will be wrapping it up with my conclusion. First Im dismission be talking about the history of the potato. In this paragraph I will be talking about the history of the potato. The potato c omes from the Andes, where they can deform in one single field they can grow 40 potato. The potato was introduced to England in 1565. Sir Walter Raleigh planted potatoes the first time in Ireland most the 1580s. white potatoes are the main nutrient source and support of life, and without it, hundreds of people will die. And the cause of the diseases a lot of people died. At first Ireland used the Potato as a back-up grain. Observers reported seeing children crying with pain and looking bid they havent eaten in forever that made them look like skeletons. A lot of bodies were buried without coffins, and were buried with a few inches below the soil. Over the next ten years a lot of people died about 750,000. More than a million Irish people died about 1 every nine d... ...nd London during 1847. Now I will be talking about Irelands History.I will start beginning talking about Irelands History. Irelands population growth in the first half of the Nineteenth Century had been great. U ntil The colossal Potato Famine. The Great Potato Famine was most disaster in Ireland History.In the spring of 1847 the British helped out Irish and had soup kitchens for the people that didnt have any food. Conclusion During the great potato famine over two million people died. One million died because of starve starvation. And the others died from diseases associated with the famine. After the famine the people hunger suffered for years after. Now that I told you everything in the paper I will talk a little bit about them to closing curtain my essay. The History of the Potato, The potato is the most important thing In Ireland and without it people will die.

Quantum Teleportation Essay -- quantum physics teleport

Quantum Teleportation is one of the newest areas of study in the field of quantum physics. It is the stuff of science fiction, which is fast becoming reality, where solid aspirations fundament be locomote vast distances instantly. It has been the subject of books and movies for years but it wasnt until recently that physicists at IBMs laboratories made it a reality.The ideas that formed the basis of these experiments came about from previous explore by scientists such as Albert Einstein and Heisenberg. This essay will explore the research done on this subject, the theories behind it, and the possible applications.Quantum teleportation is the idea that transporting matter can be achieved instantaneously by taking advantage of certain aspects of quantum physics. It is not possible to actually transport the matter, but rather, the properties of the object being transported can be applied to matter in a separate location. This newly created object is like to the original down to the state of the individual atoms, and so is in tack the same object. The original object loses its properties during the process and is, in effect, destroyed.This takes advantage of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation (Quantum), also referred to as entanglement. When two particles are entangled they take on properties identical to each other regardless of separation. This means that if something alters one of the entangled pair it affects the other in the exact same manner. In order to transport something we perk up to start with one of these entangled pairs. One particle at the source location and one at the location we want to transport the new object to. We then take a third particle, which is what will be transported, and measure it in relation ... ... in the field of computing. Because computers operate on a binary program system it is possible that individual quanta cold be used to store culture. This is possible because quanta can be in two states, horizontal and verti cal. Using quantum teleportation information can instantly be sent from one point to another. An example of quantum computing could be if a person had to search a dorm for a specific item. Normally the person would have to go to every door in turn and look inside but if this were a quantum computer doing the trenchant it could look in every room at the same time.Works CitedQuantum Teleportation. IBM corporation. 1995. . Barret, Curtis. Quantum Teleportation. 23 April 2000. . Zeilinger, Anton. Quantum Teleportation. Scientific American. April 2000. 50-59.

Fantasy Story Essay -- essays papers

Fantasy degreeDeep in the City of Chic, on the plant of Decorous, there was a school named Ennui High School. At this school there was a very interesting girl named blessedness. walking on air had vast wavy billsen brown hair. She had big blue eyes that were on flawless snowy skin. Her lips were full, and they were always the perfect shade of soft crimson make up with erupt lipstick. enjoyment alone moody 17. She was doing well at school, but she in truth felt she was ready to get out of her old routine and see what else was out there.One spring Friday morning, comfort was sitting on the stoop of the flat building were she lived with her parents. She was looking up at the pink and purple towering buildings virtually her. They are wonderful, but Ive been gazing at these buildings for 17 years now, she thought. just now then a big silver cat walked by her. It stopped, turned around, and came up to her. It looked at her intensely for a moment then said, You will d o just fine. After Bliss nearly choked on her tongue, she said, Do just fine for what? She had never seen a talking cat before, and she was lost in astonishment. The cat said, I need some help finding an illusive trea reliable. Bliss replied, Oh, and where is this illusive treasure?The cat answered, Im not sure but I know where some topic is that will tell us where the treasure is. And this thing is about 3 blocks away. Bliss thought about this, and decided tercet blocks isnt far. Besides she didnt really want this talking cat move out of her life. She said, OK, lets go. Whats your name?The silver cat said, drollery. Follow me.They walked and turned corners for about 15 minutes. Bliss had always thought she knew the part of Chic that she lived in really well. They were only walking for a little bit. How did we get to a place I dont recognize at all, she thought. She was following drollery into a light pink building. They went up two flights of red steps, and mass a h all. The floors, walls, and ceiling of the hall were royal blue. They came to an emerald door. Jest told Bliss to open it. As Bliss opened it, she was shocked at how white the room was. there was nothing in the room except a magenta wand with a light pink glittery top in the middle of the floor.Jest said, Pick the wand up and ask it where the treasure is. Bliss did so to biliousness th... ... was made up of shiny atomic number 78 just like the outside. The walls, floors, and graduate(prenominal) ceilings were made of the enchanting platinum. The furnishings and the decorations were made up of glistering platinum and gold. It was breath takenly beautiful. Bliss and Jest followed the wand up three flights of platinum stairs. They went into a residence that was entirely gold. Bliss, Jest and the wand went to the end of it. The were in front of a plain, solid, gold wall. The wand told Bliss where to knock on it. When Bliss knocked on it, a flight of platinum stairs t hat were going down appeared in the wall. They went down the stairs and came to a solid pink ruby door with a platinum doorknob. Bliss opened it. Inside was a room completely filled with diamonds. each(prenominal) diamond was the size of a fist. They were so shiny and sparklingly. After Bliss got over her astonishment, she got the wand to transfer the diamonds, Jest, and herself to her bedroom in Chic. One year later.Bliss has one of the most successful boutiques in Chic. She travels all over Decorous. She lives in an awesome penthouse with Jest. She is thinking of opening a Club. She is never bored anymore. Fantasy Story Essay -- essays papersFantasy StoryDeep in the City of Chic, on the plant of Decorous, there was a school named Ennui High School. At this school there was a very interesting girl named Bliss. Bliss had long wavy golden brown hair. She had big blue eyes that were on flawless snowy skin. Her lips were full, and they were always th e perfect shade of soft crimson even without lipstick. Bliss just turned 17. She was doing well at school, but she really felt she was ready to get out of her old routine and see what else was out there.One spring Friday morning, Bliss was sitting on the stoop of the apartment building were she lived with her parents. She was looking up at the pink and purple towering buildings around her. They are wonderful, but Ive been gazing at these buildings for 17 years now, she thought. Just then a big silver cat walked by her. It stopped, turned around, and came up to her. It looked at her intensely for a moment then said, You will do just fine. After Bliss nearly choked on her tongue, she said, Do just fine for what? She had never seen a talking cat before, and she was lost in astonishment. The cat said, I need some help finding an illusive treasure. Bliss replied, Oh, and where is this illusive treasure?The cat answered, Im not sure but I know where something is that will tell us w here the treasure is. And this thing is about 3 blocks away. Bliss thought about this, and decided three blocks isnt far. Besides she didnt really want this talking cat walking out of her life. She said, OK, lets go. Whats your name?The silver cat said, Jest. Follow me.They walked and turned corners for about 15 minutes. Bliss had always thought she knew the part of Chic that she lived in really well. They were only walking for a little bit. How did we get to a place I dont recognize at all, she thought. She was following Jest into a light pink building. They went up two flights of red stairs, and down a hall. The floors, walls, and ceiling of the hall were royal blue. They came to an emerald door. Jest told Bliss to open it. As Bliss opened it, she was shocked at how white the room was. There was nothing in the room except a magenta wand with a light pink glittery top in the middle of the floor.Jest said, Pick the wand up and ask it where the treasure is. Bliss did so to humor th... ... was made up of shiny platinum just like the outside. The walls, floors, and high ceilings were made of the enchanting platinum. The furnishings and the decorations were made up of glistering platinum and gold. It was breath takenly beautiful. Bliss and Jest followed the wand up three flights of platinum stairs. They went into a hallway that was entirely gold. Bliss, Jest and the wand went to the end of it. The were in front of a plain, solid, gold wall. The wand told Bliss where to knock on it. When Bliss knocked on it, a flight of platinum stairs that were going down appeared in the wall. They went down the stairs and came to a solid pink ruby door with a platinum doorknob. Bliss opened it. Inside was a room completely filled with diamonds. Each diamond was the size of a fist. They were so shiny and sparklingly. After Bliss got over her astonishment, she got the wand to transfer the diamonds, Jest, and herself to her bedroom in Chic. One year la ter.Bliss has one of the most successful boutiques in Chic. She travels all over Decorous. She lives in an awesome penthouse with Jest. She is thinking of opening a Club. She is never bored anymore.

Fantasy Story Essay -- essays papers

head game StoryDeep in the City of Chic, on the plant of Decorous, there was a school puddled Ennui High School. At this school there was a very interesting girl named blissfulness. contentment had long wavy golden chocolate-brown hair. She had adult blue eyes that were on flawless snowy skin. Her lips were full, and they were of all time the perfect shade of soft crimson even without lipstick. comfort just cancelled 17. She was doing well at school, but she really felt she was ready to blend out of her old routine and see what else was out there.One spring Friday morning, mirth was sitting on the stoop of the apartment building were she lived with her parents. She was looking up at the exploitish and purple towering buildings around her. They are wonderful, but Ive been gazing at these buildings for 17 years now, she thought. Just then a big silver guy rope walked by her. It stopped, turned around, and came up to her. It looked at her intensely for a moment the n said, You will do just fine. After Bliss nearly choked on her tongue, she said, Do just fine for what? She had never seen a talking cat before, and she was lost in astonishment. The cat said, I accept some help finding an illusive treasure. Bliss replied, Oh, and where is this illusive treasure?The cat answered, Im not sure but I kip down where something is that will tell us where the treasure is. And this thing is about 3 blocks away. Bliss thought about this, and decided three blocks isnt far. Besides she didnt really want this talking cat walkway out of her life. She said, OK, lets go. Whats your name?The silver cat said, Jest. Follow me.They walked and turned corners for about 15 minutes. Bliss had always thought she knew the part of Chic that she lived in really well. They were only walking for a little bit. How did we get to a place I go int recognize at all, she thought. She was following Jest into a light pink building. They went up two flights of red steps, and down a foyer. The floors, walls, and ceiling of the hall were royal blue. They came to an emerald door. Jest told Bliss to open it. As Bliss opened it, she was shock at how white the way was. There was nothing in the room except a magenta billy club with a light pink glittery top in the middle of the floor.Jest said, Pick the wand up and ask it where the treasure is. Bliss did so to humor th... ... was make up of lustrous platinum just like the outside. The walls, floors, and high ceilings were made of the enchanting platinum. The furnishings and the decorations were made up of glistering platinum and gold. It was breath takenly beautiful. Bliss and Jest followed the wand up three flights of platinum stairs. They went into a hallway that was entirely gold. Bliss, Jest and the wand went to the end of it. The were in front of a plain, solid, gold wall. The wand told Bliss where to solicit on it. When Bliss knocked on it, a flight of platinum stairs that were going down appeared in the wall. They went down the stairs and came to a solid pink ruby door with a platinum doorknob. Bliss opened it. indoors was a room completely filled with diamonds. Each diamond was the size of a fist. They were so shiny and sparklingly. After Bliss got over her astonishment, she got the wand to channelise the diamonds, Jest, and herself to her bedroom in Chic. One year later.Bliss has one of the most sure-fire boutiques in Chic. She travels all over Decorous. She lives in an awesome penthouse with Jest. She is thinking of enterprise a Club. She is never bored anymore. Fantasy Story Essay -- essays papersFantasy StoryDeep in the City of Chic, on the plant of Decorous, there was a school named Ennui High School. At this school there was a very interesting girl named Bliss. Bliss had long wavy golden brown hair. She had big blue eyes that were on flawless snowy skin. Her lips were full, and they were always the perfect sha de of soft crimson even without lipstick. Bliss just turned 17. She was doing well at school, but she really felt she was ready to get out of her old routine and see what else was out there.One spring Friday morning, Bliss was sitting on the stoop of the apartment building were she lived with her parents. She was looking up at the pink and purple towering buildings around her. They are wonderful, but Ive been gazing at these buildings for 17 years now, she thought. Just then a big silver cat walked by her. It stopped, turned around, and came up to her. It looked at her intensely for a moment then said, You will do just fine. After Bliss nearly choked on her tongue, she said, Do just fine for what? She had never seen a talking cat before, and she was lost in astonishment. The cat said, I need some help finding an illusive treasure. Bliss replied, Oh, and where is this illusive treasure?The cat answered, Im not sure but I know where something is that will tell us where the trea sure is. And this thing is about 3 blocks away. Bliss thought about this, and decided three blocks isnt far. Besides she didnt really want this talking cat walking out of her life. She said, OK, lets go. Whats your name?The silver cat said, Jest. Follow me.They walked and turned corners for about 15 minutes. Bliss had always thought she knew the part of Chic that she lived in really well. They were only walking for a little bit. How did we get to a place I dont recognize at all, she thought. She was following Jest into a light pink building. They went up two flights of red stairs, and down a hall. The floors, walls, and ceiling of the hall were royal blue. They came to an emerald door. Jest told Bliss to open it. As Bliss opened it, she was shocked at how white the room was. There was nothing in the room except a magenta wand with a light pink glittery top in the middle of the floor.Jest said, Pick the wand up and ask it where the treasure is. Bliss did so to humor th. .. ... was made up of shiny platinum just like the outside. The walls, floors, and high ceilings were made of the enchanting platinum. The furnishings and the decorations were made up of glistering platinum and gold. It was breath takenly beautiful. Bliss and Jest followed the wand up three flights of platinum stairs. They went into a hallway that was entirely gold. Bliss, Jest and the wand went to the end of it. The were in front of a plain, solid, gold wall. The wand told Bliss where to knock on it. When Bliss knocked on it, a flight of platinum stairs that were going down appeared in the wall. They went down the stairs and came to a solid pink ruby door with a platinum doorknob. Bliss opened it. Inside was a room completely filled with diamonds. Each diamond was the size of a fist. They were so shiny and sparklingly. After Bliss got over her astonishment, she got the wand to transfer the diamonds, Jest, and herself to her bedroom in Chic. One year later.Bliss has one of the most successful boutiques in Chic. She travels all over Decorous. She lives in an awesome penthouse with Jest. She is thinking of opening a Club. She is never bored anymore.

Cola Wars: Profitability of the soft-drink industry Essay

Historically, the demulcent drink pains has been extremely profitable. Long time industry leaders Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola largely drive the profits in the industry, relying on door guards five forces model to explain the attractiveness of the fleecy drink market. These forces allowed snow and Pepsi to maintain large growth until 1999, and in like manner explain the challenges that from each one company is currently facing. The relative duopoly that Coke and Pepsi share in the industry allows for high profits, while also maintaining enough competition to promote firm improvement.The send-off of Porters forces is the threat of new entrants. Coke and Pepsi lay d avouch been largely successful because of many barriers to entry that limits the risk of entry by potential competitors. Coke and Pepsi both harbor strong brand loyalty, made possible by their long history and adherence to tradition. When Coke strayed from its Coca-Cola Classic formula, its customers demanded a return to the current recipe. Pepsi and Coke also share an absolute cost advantage over others in the industry. They developed superior production operations by secureing up bottling companies and performing the service in-house.These companies also have large economies of scale, as they both operate internationally and together control 84% of the market worldwide. Additionally, government regulations have prevented competitors from mimicking Cokes secret formula, as evidenced by their relentless defense of their brand in court. All of these factors have made it difficult for competitors to take part the soft drink industry.The second of Porters forces is rivalry amongst established companies. The competitive structure of the industry has allowed Coke and Pepsi to sustain high profits. The industry is basically an oligopoly, with Coke and Pepsi dominating the market. The firms are hurt by having similar products that are relatively undifferentiated. However, diversification of product lines into carbonated and non-carbonated beverages has created some product differences. High industry growth from 1975 to 1995 also provided a reprieve from the competitor pressure. Franchising and long-term contracts created higher switching costs, historically limiting the effects of rivalry on the two firms.Porters third force is the bargaining power of buyers. This has always been low in the industry, and continues to diminish over time. The low number of suppliers does not afford buyers oft room to negotiate. Furthermore, the abundance of distributor options prevented the bottling plants from applying pressure on Coke and Pepsi. Exhibit 8 also shows that both Coke and Pepsi were among the top five consumer brands most Copernican to retailers, suggesting that they were on the losing end of the transaction relationship.Porters fourth force is the bargaining power of suppliers. Coke and Pepsi have always set their price. Bottlers were forced to buy concentrate at set prices, u sually negotiated in the favor of Coke and Pepsi. The small number of suppliers limited alternatives that could provide the necessary concentrate to bottling groups. Coke and Pepsi have continuously renegotiated contract terms to decrease their costs and enhance profitability. These contracts eventually eliminated marketing cost obligations for concentrate producers as well. Suppliers became so powerful that they eventually bought their own bottling plants.Porters fifth force is the threat of substitutes. Initially, other products that could fulfill the same objective of soft drinks (quench thirst) were truly weak. According to exhibit 1, carbonated soft drinks were the most-consumed beverage in America through the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, bottled water has become increasingly powerful, cutting into U.S. consumption. A growing health awareness has led to higher demand for non-carbonated soft drinks. Coke and Pepsi have largely met this threat by diversifying into other product lines such as water, juice, tea, and sports drinks.A significant factor that has also allowed the soft drink industry to prosper is the success of the fast-food industry. By partnering with restaurants such as Taco Bell, McDonalds, Burger King, and Pizza Hut, soft drinks havebecome a complement to this other profitable sector. Pepsi has taken advantage of this trend in its merger with Frito-Lay.While these five factors all contributed to making the soft drink industry very profitable, the industry is more recently facing challenges that could lead to declining profitability. Industry demand is steadily decreasing, as the United States the largest consumer of soft drinks in the world becomes more health conscious. Furthermore, buyers are now threatening to produce soft drinks themselves, such as in-store brands at Walmart. This has increased the bargaining power of the buyer.Though the future profitability of the soft drink industry may be declining in America, Coke and Pepsi hav e taken substantial actions to spread their brands worldwide. Each has a long-term growth scheme to saturate new markets, whether domestically or abroad. Coke has already taken control of many international markets, while Pepsi claims that its progression to the snack industry provides synergism in its business. It is undeniable that the competition between Coke and Pepsi has resulted in a multitude of strategies employed by both sides.

Academic english

The sociological imagination first coined by c. Wright mills in 1959 what is the sociological imagination? The vivid awareness of the singingship between in the flesh(predicate) experience and the wider society. -Seeing strange in the familiar is detaching yourself from individualistic interpretations of human behavior and accepting the initi anyy strange notion that human behaviors are a mathematical product of irritateible forces. The ability to see things affectionately and how things interact and influence each other that is the sociological imagination. How can we differentiate between personal troubles and social issues? type unemployment/ if your unemployed, thats a trouble in your life (personal). But, if it was during the great recession, you were in the same boat as everybody else in society. Therefore your personal trouble is connected to a broader public issue. What is problem with the communal sense explanations of ills?They fail to consider the wider picture of the issue yet they Just focus on pre- conceived Judgments for example in relation to aboriginal people a common sense explanation would be that they are all petrol sniffing no hoppers though this is not the case what has been failed to be realized here is that due to colonization indigenous people lost a lot of there rights and are still trying to recover from all they have lost in life. -Examples of social issues that might be better explained through investigating social forces and influences rather than individual failings Unemployed- its not necessarily that youre unemployed or dont want to work.There are social forces at play that make it more likely some groups over others will be unemployed. Seeing the normal in the particular show that age, gender, class, race, sexuality they all impact behaviors and life chances. Although we are individuals, social forces touch our lives in significant ways, even if we dont see those forces. Sociology is the direct of society, whose goal s are to establish, explain and predict patterned regularities of human behavior. The sociological imagination asks us to see the strange in the familiar and general in particular, linking our behaviors to broader social forces.Personal trouble re linked to broader public issues, and our goal in sociology is to uncover those links using the sociological data and not rely on common sense explanations Topic social class and stratification -What is social stratification? Social stratification refers to a system of social inequality -Which societies experience social stratification? All societies have social stratification to some degree -Some societies have simpler stratification where they stratify along one dimension (such as age) duration others are more complex and consist of many different factors reading stratification (such as age, race, gender, etc -3 types of stratification systems Estate systems Caste systems Class systems -definition of class in sociology the term class doe s not refer to ones style or sophistication, rather social class is the social structural position groups hold relative to the economic, social, political and cultural resources of society. -class can not be directly observed but can be seen by observing the various displays others project such as brand of clothing, type of car, the places one shops. -these objects become symbols of an individuals lass status.Types of class systems -Upper class owns major share of corporate and personal wealth -Upper middle class those with last incomes and high social prestige -Middle class -Lower class workers in skilled trades and low-income bureaucratic workers -Lower class the displaced and poor. -The social class that you are in gives you different access to Jobs, income, education, power, and social status. Age, race, gender as well as class shape peoples experiences within society. -These differences allow different opportunities for success.

Introduction to Ethics & Social

Medicine at Tufts University, wrote a version of the oath that talks nigh how a doctor should c atomic number 18 for the sick with compassion, humanely, and says nothing about working to issue forth rich off of those who are suffering (Lasagna, 1964). In the United States, there should not be anyone who cannot see a doctor because they are poor a doctor takes an oath to heal the sick wherever he can, not to heal the sick only if they are rich. If being animate is an inalien able-bodied well(p), as documented by the Declaration of Independence, would it not be common sense that health assistance would also be a right kinda than a privi phasee?The United States is the only wealthy, industrialized nation that does not make for sure that every of its citizens receive proper health c everywhereage. In 2004 omit of coverage is estimated to stir caused 18,000 deaths that have been considered unnecessary (loom. Due, 2004). It is common knowledge that if a parent has an extremely ill child, and refuses to take that child to the doctor, the parent can be charged with neglect. If the child is the healthy one, and her single father is diagnosed with cancer, who will be charged with neglect when he dies for no early(a) reason than he doesnt have insurance?Could you imagine being so desperate for health care that you were willing to commit a federal crime in the hopes of freeing to prison to get the care you need? Richard James Vernon handed a teller in an ROB Bank in Gaston, N. C. A note, claiming he had a blast but was unarmed (Mousse, 2011). Mr.. Vernon, who had a growth in his chest, two ruptured disks, and no hypothecate said that he asked for only one dollar. He expected to manoeuvre that his motives were medical, and not about the money (Mousse, 2011). The charge he was booked on was Larceny and would not give him the prison stay he hoped to get in parliamentary law to get the treatment he desperately wanted.In a awkward as wealthy as the United S tates, why should any citizen even be tempted to do such(prenominal) a thing? It is terrible that a person who was law-abiding beforehand would have to become a criminal in order to save his life. Should health care be something that should only be available to the highest bidder? In 2005 the per-capita health care spending reached $6797, this is 40% higher than any other nation with health care outcomes ranking 37th according to the World Health Organization (Beebe, 2009).Between 2003 and 2007, the combined profits of the largest insurance impasses rose by over 170%, which left their approval rating lower that tobacco companies. This was the resulted as workers out-of-pocket spending for health care shot into the atmosphere 87% since 2000 (Beebe, 2009). It is estimated that 47 million Americans lived without insurance before our economy fell apart and unemployments rise did nothing but add to those numbers (Beebe, 2009).It is estimated that half of all privateised bankruptcies b eginning from drowning in the expenses of medical care, and in 76% of those cases, it was the main income that had insurance coverage for the family (Beebe, 2009). Could there really be a better example that something needs to be done than what Mr.. Vernon did Just to get healthcare? Ethnologists of ethics dont look at the consequences of actions before coming up with an idea. One way they might see the healthcare debate could be that healthcare should be a personal responsibility. It could be argued that healthcare is something is a personal responsibility.It is up to the individual or family to make sure that they have the coverage that they need. A Ethnologist might say that by the government ensuring that there is healthcare available for people, it s government interference into peoples affairs. If people want health insurance, than they can but it, or become employed at a Job that provides healthcare. However, when healthcare costs are so high that they are choking on the gase s in Suppliers atmosphere, those who may wish to have a family doctor so they can get regular checkups in so far cannot afford it.Looking at it from a utilitarian point of view, the majority of the public would benefit from healthcare being available for all. For example, a hospital in Costa Mesa, California, dumped Steven Davis in skid row at the New Image Shelter in 2008. The thirty-two year old man was diagnosed as schizophrenic and was considered to be dangerously delusional and paranoid (LA times, 2009). Not only did Mr.. Davis need care and medication, the hospital dumping him on the street could have turned out to be dangerous for somebody else. Sadly, his is not the only case in which a hospital negligently dumped a patient for not having insurance.James Booking, a veteran of this country, was dumped in the parking rotary of a shelter in California by the Department of Veteran Affairs medical center after his toe was removed due to a bone infection. He was wearing hospit al pants, carrying urine bottle, and screaming for help from the wheelchair he was sitting in (Winston According to the 2006 Human Development Report, the life & saves, 2011). anticipation of someone living in the United Kingdom is 78. 5, France is 79. 5, Canadians can expect 80. 2, with the American expecting around 77. 5 (Watkins, 2006).The only major difference between these countries is that all but one ensures that their citizens have healthcare. The only one would be America that doesnt. Common sense should indicate that if we as Americans had access to preventative care, we might be able to save some change in our pockets by avoiding costly ERE In 2004, retiring representative Billy Taught of Louisiana stepped down visits. Early with the bearing of taking a Job as the new president and CEO of the drug industry top lobbying group, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (Welch, 2004).According to watchdog groups such as the Center fro Responsive Politics, prior to this event, Taught received $218,000 in campaign contributions from those in the pharmaceutical industry with contributions reaching $91 ,500 for 2002 which was the year he introductory became chairman of the committee with jurisdiction over the drug industry (Welch, 2004). There have been so many arguments over the separation of church and call forth, how about we scram the argument over the separation of corporations and the state? In Cuba, 75% of the people are feeling positive regarding their education and healthcare systems (Worldpublicopinion. Rig, 2011). While many may not be so happy with their individual freedoms, they are happy with the fact that they can be seen by a doctor when they feel worry it, considering their healthcare is universal. If a dictatorship which our government sees as an enemy will ensure that its citizens have healthcare, what goes that say about the government of a free country like ours? Should a woman be forced to choose between buying grocer ies and paying(a) for her prescription medications in the United States? In a personal interview, Melissa Tearful conductd her story about how she lost her health insurance, Just when she needed it the most.In 2006 she was diagnosed as having bipolar depression and post- traumatic stress syndrome. She started going to therapy once a week and got on medication which she said greatly improved her situation. It was unbelievable, the difference I felt after I got on the right medications. It was like a weight had been lifted off of my shoulders. For the first time in years I was able to think clearly (M. Tearful, personal interview phratry 21, 2011). She was on state health insurance and was kicked off of it because of a political decision by former Governor Blunt.Previously, single mothers were allowed to get state health insurance until their child became 18, but a recent bill passed saying that after the child turned one, the mother would lose the insurance. This meant much money for the state of Missouri, but it also meant that single mothers like Melissa were left without healthcare. She stated that she tried to apply for disability insurance so that she could continue with her therapy and medications, but was rejected. Because she was able to maintain a Job, she was not considered eligible for any assistance. L felt like I was being punished for actually trying to better myself. You attempt all the time how people with the same condition I have are not able to hold down a Job, or care for their kids, but because I am trying and making it, I cannot get any help. (M. Tearful, personal interview, September 21 , 2011). Soon after losing her healthcare, she had to abandon twain the medications and the therapy. Melissa stated that it was very difficult going off of the medications cold turkey. She shared that it was a very emotion-filled time for her.According to Melissa, her moods fluctuated frequently and she experienced many consternation attacks in the first months afterwards. She said that as time went on, it became easier for her to cope, but that there are times when it is extremely difficult. Melissa stated that she can handle herself when she is frenzied by keeping herself busy, but when I am depressed, I cant think straight. Right and wrong sometimes go out the window when I get really into that state. Its like what ever feels good at the time seems so logical (M. Tearful, personal interview, September 21, 2011).We tell our children that money is not everything, but yet when it comes down to the choice of much money or the well-being of a human, more often than not it is the money that wins out. Melissa Tearful went on to share with me the story of her coworker of seven years, Bruce Patterson. According to Ms. Tearful, Mr.. Patterson has been on high-blood pressure medicine for quite sometime, but when his hours got cut at work, he had to make some drastic changes n his lifestyle to be able to stay on his pills. Just to st ay on the medicine that he very much needs, he stopped paying his electric bill for months in his trailer.Melissa said that it was during the winter of this year when he lost power for his home and would do things like stay at his Job at Burger King for many hours after his shift, sometimes even napping at the store in order to sleep some place warm (M. Tearful, personal interview, September 2, 2011). Via electronic communication Ms. Patti Hollies shared her sisters story of how she was left in pain because of lack of healthcare overage. According to Ms. Hollies, her sister had been experiencing pain in her leg and hip so she went to the ERE in Gerard, Ohio.The doctors did a CAT scan, which revealed nothing that would cause her to be in so much pain. They gave her a shot and sent her home. everywhere the next days she her condition did not improve, even after going to the ERE three more times. Because she had no insurance, the doctors refused to continue to seek out the cause of h er condition. Her sister then brought her to SST. Elizabeth Free Medical Clinic in a wheelchair because, by this time, her sister was not blew to walk. Here X-rays were conducted, which also revealed nothing, so her sister was told that there was nothing more that they would do.She asked if maybe and MR. would help, but the nurse practitioner refused to order that test. Seeing her sister crying in pain, and knowing they were running out of options, she placed a earpiece call her own doctor (P. Hollies, electronic communication, September 26, 2011). This doctor recommended her sister be taken to the ERE in SST. Elizabethan Clinic by ambulance. She followed her doctors advice, and her sister was admitted into the hospital. After get an MR., her sister learned she had a herniated disc and had to have surgery. They also learned that she was diabetic.Once the surgery was performed, the pain went away and was doing very well. However, even after diagnosing her with having diabetes and p rescribing her insulin, at no point was she taught how to take the medicine. A phone call was placed to the director of the hospital about the poor treatment her sister received at SST. Elizabethan and she was assured that her sister would be taken care of. It is the firm belief of Ms. Hollies that her sisters suffering was totally unnecessary. Had her sister had health insurance, she believes that the doctors would have been much more inclined to order tests.

Scope Limitation

ScopeThe scope of the plain refers to the parameters under which the ponder will be operating. The problem you seek to fade away will fit within certain parameters. Think of the scope as the domain of your seekwhats in the domain, and what is not. You need to make it as top out as possible what you will be studying and what factors be within the accepted range of your study. For example, if you are studying the ill effects of bullying on middle school children, the scope could include both face-to-face bullying and cyber-bullying in grades 6 through 8.LimitationsLimitations are contents and occurrences that arise in a study which are out of the researchers control. They condition the extensity to which a study can go, and sometimes affect the end result and conclusions that can be drawn. Every study, no matter how well it is conducted and constructed, has limit points. This is one of the reasons why we do not use the words prove and disprove with respect to research let out ings. It is always possible that future research may cast doubt on the severeness of some(prenominal) hypothesis or conclusion from a study. Your study might energize access to alone certain people in an organization, certain documents, and certain data. These are limitations. Subsequent studies may overcome these limitations.Limitations of Qualitative StudiesA limitation associated with qualitative study is related to validity and reliability. Because qualitative research occurs in the natural setting it is extremely difficult to replicate studies (Wiersma, 2000, p. 211). When you select certain methodologies and designs, for example phenomenology, they come with limitations over which you may oblige little control.Limitations of Case StudiesWe cannot make causal inferences from case studies, because we cannot rule out alternative explanations. It is always unclear about the generality of the findings of a case study. A case study involves the appearance of one person, group, or organization. The behavior of this one unit of analysis may or may not reflect the behavior of similar entities. Case studies may be suggestive of what may be found in similar organizations, but additional research would be infallible to verify whether findings from one study would vulgarize elsewhere.Limitations of Correlational StudiesCorrelational research merely demonstrates that we can predict the behavior of one variable from the behavior of another variable. If a relationship exists then there is an association between variables. However, two variables can be associated without there being a causal relationship between the variables. If we find that X is associated with Y, it could mean that X caused Y, or Y caused X, or some third (confounding) variable caused both X and Y without there being any causal relationship between X and Y.Correlational research may also have limitations with respect to the generality of the findings. Perhaps the study involved a precise grou p of people, or that the relationship between the variables was only investigated under some situation or circumstance. Thus, it may be uncertain whether the correlational findings will generalize to other people or situations.Limitations of Randomized ExperimentsExperiments involving the random assignment of participants to conditions sometimes allow us to make causal conclusions if the variables that are manipulated are not disjointed with other variables. Experiments gain rigor by controlling for influences outside of the variables of interest. However, there still may be limitations with respect to the generality of the findings.The experiment may have involved a specific group of people, certain situations, and only some of the possible conceptualizations of variables. Thus, we may not know whether the findings will generalize to other people, situations, or conceptualizations of the variables. Withinparticular bounds, significant findings from an experimental study may infer a general cause, but the presence of other unmeasured variables can limit that inference.Limitations of Survey InstrumentsSurveys that are distributed with time constraints were noted by Delva, Kirby, Knapper, and Birtwhistle (2002) as problematic in that people who struggle with real or perceived time constraints are less likely to respond to sketchs because these possible respondents feel overworked they just do not have the time to complete the survey. Surveys often also suffer the limitation of forcing respondents into particular response categories, thereby limiting the range of responses. Unlike an interview, where respondents can ask clarifying questions, respondents are usually limited to the text in the survey itself for direction about how to complete it and where to respond.DelimitationsThe delimitations of a study are those characteristics that arise from limitations in the scope of the study (defining the boundaries) and by the conscious exclusionary and inclusionary decisions made during the development of the study plan. Unlike limitations, which flow from implicit characteristics of method and design, delimitations result from specific choices by the researcher. Among these are the choice of objectives and questions, variables of interest, the choice of theoretical perspectives that were adopted, the paradigm (qualitative/quantitative/mixed), the methodology, the theoretical poser and the choice of participants.The first delimiting step is the choice of problem, implying that there were other, related problems that could have been chosen but were rejected or screened off from view. To elucidate the delimitations of your study look backward each decision you had to make in putting together your study. In your purpose statement you declare what your study intends to accomplish. In the delimitations section you can assume this declaration along with a pronouncement of what the study does not intend to cover. In the latter case, your decisions for excluding certain pursuits are likely based on much(prenominal)criteria as not directly relevant too problematic because not feasible and the like. Make this reasoning as explicit as possible.